Despite the benefits of increased speed, better responsiveness to conditions and improved reliability that IT/OT convergence had brought, however, there are drawbacks in terms of security. This has changed over the years and components of today's ICSs are often connected directly or indirectly to the internet.Īdvances in smart sensor technology and wireless networking have made the blending of operational technology ( OT) with information technology ( IT) desirable and cost-effective. The networks they belonged to were air-gapped and protected from the outside world. Historically, most machinery and engineering components used in manufacturing and the operation of power plants, water and wastewater plants, transport industries and other critical infrastructures were dumb, and those that were computerized typically used proprietary protocols. ICS technologies include, but are not limited to, supervisory control and data acquisition ( SCADA) and distributed control systems ( DCS), industrial automation and control systems (IACS), programmable logic controllers ( PLCs), programmable automation controllers (PACs), remote terminal units (RTUs), control servers, intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) and sensors. In manufacturing, industrial control system (ICS) is a general term used to describe the integration of hardware and software with network connectivity in order to support critical infrastructure.
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